Dados do Trabalho

Título

Diagnostic Ultrasound in Crystalline Lens Pathology

Introdução e objetivo(s)

To describe and differentiate possible diagnostic scenarios in crystalline lens pathology. To showcase the signs that enable differential diagnosis through ultrasound imaging.

Método(s)

For the appropriate ultrasound technique is necessary the use of a high-frequency linear transducer in B-mode. The ultrasound parameters must be set correctly to improve image quality and avoid diagnostic errors.

Discussão

Ultrasound is a fast, non-invasive method that does not use radiation or contrast material, does not require anesthesia, and provides valuable information.
The crystalline lens is a transparent, biconvex, flexible, and avascular structure located behind the iris and in front of the vitreous body. Sonographically it is anechoic, with a 3.5 mm thickness in newborns and 4.5 mm in adults. Its primary function is accommodation, to adjust the eye's vision for different distances. It is the site of various pathologies at different stages of life, in which the lens may be absent, altered in shape, or echogenicity. Clinically, it presents with a loss or decrease in visual acuity, with or without lens opacification. The type of presentation varies according to the patient's age and the underlying anomaly.

Conclusões

In the presence of visual acuity loss, whether or not associated with lens opacification, the radiologist's essential role is to complement the clinical and ophthalmological examination. The findings in different lens anomalies are characteristic. Ultrasound is the method of choice for their diagnosis and monitoring.

Palavras Chave

Ultrassonografia; Cristalino; Ecografia ocular

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