Dados do Trabalho

Título

Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Guillain-Barré Syndrome

Descrição sucinta do(s) objetivo(s)

The purpose of this presentation is to detail the findings of lumbar nuclear magnetic resonance (MRI) in suspected cases of Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS). The assessment focuses on potential inflammatory lesions in the nerve roots of the cauda equina and the pia mater around the conus medullaris, serving as a diagnostic basis for treatment and clinical follow-up.

História clínica

A 4-year-old patient presented with neurological symptoms, including progressive weakness in the lower limbs and loss of osteotendinous reflexes, following an episode of gastroenteritis. The initial clinical evaluation suggests Guillain-Barré, prompting the performance of lumbar spine MRI.

Discussão e diagnóstico

GBS is a heterogeneous group of autoimmune polyradiculopathies that affect sensory, motor, and autonomic nerves. It is the most common cause of rapidly progressive flaccid paralysis.
In this case, lumbar MRI reveals thickening with intense enhancement in the post-gadolinium injection series of the nerve roots of the cauda equina and the pia mater surrounding the conus medullaris. These findings strongly support the clinical suspicion of Guillain-Barré, indicating inflammatory lesions. The distribution of inflammatory changes in the anterior roots is consistent with the pathogenesis of the disease. Diagnostic criteria are discussed, emphasizing the importance of correlating these findings with the clinical presentation and the possibility of additional studies to confirm the diagnosis.

Conclusões

The crucial utility of MRI as a diagnostic tool in Guillain-Barré Syndrome is highlighted, providing visual evidence of inflammatory lesions in the nerve roots of the cauda equina and the pia mater.

Palavras Chave

Guillain-Barré Syndrome

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